战国钱币一组

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春秋时期是我国历史上从奴隶制到封建制的大变革时期，商品经济的进一步发展导致对流通货币的大量的需求，而金属铸造技术也日渐成熟，为大量铸造金属货币提供了必要性和可能性。

这一时期货币的最大特点是货币铸造的种类繁多，币制混乱。由于当时周王朝的势力渐弱，列国均各自为政，经济也自成体系，所以各国自行铸造货币，相互流通，形成了多币制和多币型长期共存并用的特殊局面。

春秋战国货币分类

这一时期的货币从形状和分布上分为布币、刀币、圜钱和蚁鼻钱(鬼脸钱)四种。

布币

布币是中国古代货币，因形状似铲，又称铲布，春秋早期出现，直至战国晚期铸行并流通的铲形货币。“布”是“镈”的同声假借字，在古代通用。布币是从青铜农具鎛演变而来的，主要在三晋、两周地区通行。按布币形状划分，可分为空首布、平首布两大类。

最初的布币，保留着其作为工具的模样，留有装柄的的銎，原始而厚重，故称为空首布；后来逐渐减轻，变薄，变小，币身完全成为片状，称为平首布。平首布上面通常铸有地名或纪重的文字。后来王莽的新朝亦曾造布币。

中国东周时期的青铜铲形货币。春秋晚期出现，战国中期后广泛流通。主要在三晋、两周地区通行。从青铜农具鎛演变而来，从鎛得音称布；因形状似铲，又称铲布。

最早的布币首部中空，保留着作为工具时安柄的銎，称作空首布。后变为平首布，无銎，币身完全成为片状，便于铸造和携带。平首布上面常铸有文字，如“安邑”、“晋阳”等地名，“一釿”、“十二朱（铢）”等币值单位。把钱币作成鎛形，说明这一地区曾以此种农具作为交换媒介。后王莽复古，一度重造布币。

布币是对春秋战国时期铸行的空首布、平首布等铲状货币的总称。因其形状而得名。

刀币

刀币是商周时期的工具青铜削演变而来的，所以刀币的柄端均有环，柄上有裂沟，形状上有针首刀、尖首刀、圆首刀、弧背刀等，主要流通在东方的齐、燕等地，后来又发展到赵、中山等国与布币并存。种类很多，有齐刀、即墨刀、安阳刀、针首刀、尖首刀、圆首刀和明刀等。上面铸有文字，秦始皇统一中国后，统一币制，废贝、刀、布等币。其后，王莽所铸造的钱币中有金错刀。

东方的齐国和北方的燕国主要使用刀币。刀币分“燕明刀”和“齐刀化”二大类型。刀币形状取象于山戎 、北狄等北方游牧民族渔猎用的刀类工具。由于齐刀面有“化”字文而称“刀化”。刀货形状刀背分弧背、折背、直背，刀首有平首，尖首之分，也是我国早期一种青铜铸币。

圜钱

圜钱也称圜金、环钱，是一种中国古代铜币。主要流通于战国时的秦国和魏国。圆性，中央有一个圆孔。钱上铸有文字。一说由纺轮演变而来；或由璧环演变而来。是方孔钱的前身。

“圜钱”是中国战国时期铸行的一类圆形铜质货币，又称“圜化”，简称“环钱”，是我国先秦时期铜铸币四大系统之一，也主要是秦国的铸币形式。圜钱有两大类：一是圆形圆孔，比较原始；二是圆形方孔（由圆形圆孔逐渐演变而成）。初期圜钱的穿孔比较狭小，以后逐渐变大。圜钱的正面铸有铭文，反面则无任何文字。

蚁鼻钱

蚁鼻钱是江淮流域楚国流通的货币，是从仿制贝转化而来的。由于楚国的经济、文化比中原各国落后，镈、刀、纺轮的使用也较迟，铜铸币就沿用了仿制贝的形态。蚁鼻钱的形制，为椭圆形，正面突起，背磨平，形状像贝但体积较小。

建国以来，蚁鼻钱多出土于河南、江苏。鬼脸钱则在湖北、湖南、河南、江苏、安徽等地均有发现，1963年湖北孝感野猪湖一次出土鬼脸钱5000枚面文为“咒”字，平均约重4.37克。以出土的地点墓葬和数量上看。蚁鼻钱铸行于战国早期（公元前5世纪），鬼脸钱则铸行于大约公元前4—3世纪的战国中晚期。楚国疆土开始时并不算大，以后疆土逐渐扩大，蚁鼻钱和鬼脸钱的流通范围也随之扩大，逐渐在长江中下游一带形成了独立的货币体系。

This collection is all Mr. Qi of Shandong province. If you have a favor, please call me.

The spring and Autumn period is a period of great change from slavery to feudalism in the history of our country. The further development of commodity economy has led to a great demand for circulating currencies, and metal casting technology has also matured, which has provided the necessity and possibility for mass casting of metal currency.

The biggest characteristic of this period is the currency currency casting range, monetary chaos. Because of the power of the Zhou Dynasty diminuendo, the nations are lack of coordination, economy is self-contained, so their own countries to coin money, mutual circulation, formed the special situation of multi currency and multi currency type and the long-term coexistence.

The currency classification of the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States

During this period, the money from the shape and distribution of divided into cloth currency, knife coins, money won and ant nose money (grimace money) four.

Bu money

Cloth is Chinese ancient currency, was shaped like a shovel, also called shovel cloth, the early spring and Autumn period, until the late Warring States period and cast spade monetary circulation. "Cloth" is the "reason" of the simultaneous phonetic characters in ancient, general. Cloth is Bo evolved from bronze implements, mainly used in Shanxi area, two weeks. Divided by the cloth shape, can be divided into air first cloth, Pingshoubu two categories.

The first coins, retains its appearance as a tool, have installed the original socket handle, and thick, it is then gradually reduced, empty first cloth; thinner, smaller, coin body completely become flaky, called pingshoubu. The flat top is usually cast with a place name or a word of discipline. Later Wang Mang had also made towards the new coins.

The bronze spade currency in the Eastern Zhou period China. In the late spring and Autumn period, it was widely circulated in the middle of the Warring States period. Mainly used in Shanxi area, two weeks. Bo evolved from bronze implements, from Bo music called for cloth; shaped like a shovel, also called shovel cloth.

The earliest coins first hollow, retained as a tool when the safety handle socket, called empty first cloth. Change the Pingshoubu, no body completely flaky socket, coins, easy to carry and casting. Pingshoubu above often cast with words, such as "EUP", "Jinyang" and other names, "Yin", "Zhu (twelve baht)" currency unit. Put the coins into Bo, shows that this region had such tools as a medium of exchange. Wang Mang once made retro, heavy coins.

Is a general term for coins cast in the spring and Autumn period, Pingshoubu empty first cloth shovel money etc.. It is named because of its shape.

Currency

Is the currency of the Shang and Zhou dynasties bronze cutting tools evolved, so the currency has the handle end ring, a furrow handle, a needle shape on the first knife, sharp knife, knife, the first circular arc-shaped knife, the main circulation in the east of Qi, Yan, Zhao, and later to Zhongshan other countries with cloth currency coexist. There are many kinds, including knife, Jimo knife, Anyang knife, needle head knife, tip knife, round knife and bright knife and so on. The above cast a text, unified Chinese, unified currency, waste shell, knife, cloth and other coins. After that, there was a gold wrong knife in the coins that Wang Mang had cast.

The eastern and Northern Qi Yan's main use of currency. Currency "Yan Ming Dao" and "Qi Dao" of two types. Take the knife coins shape like Yu Shanrong, such as the northern nomadic hunting Beidi knife tools. Because there is a "chemical" word in the face of the Qi Dao, it is called "knife". The knife back arc shape goods back, fold back, back straight, flat head, sharp points, China is an early Bronze coins.

Won the money

Won the money also won gold, money is a kind of Chinese ancient coins. It was mainly in the state of Qin and Wei in the Warring States period. Circularly, there is a circular hole in the center. The money cast into words. The evolution of the spinning wheel, or the evolution of a ring. It's the forerunner of square hole money.

"Won the money" is a kind of circular copper currency Chinese cast during the Warring States period, also known as the "round", referred to as "ring money", is one of China's pre Qin period copper coins of four systems is mainly Qin coins. The money won in two categories: one is the circular hole, compared to the original; two is the round hole (by the circular hole and the gradual). At the beginning of the perforation won money is relatively small, then gradually becomes large. Positive won the money cast with inscriptions, opposite without any text.

Ants nose money

The money of the ant nose is the currency of the Chu state in the Jianghuai River Basin, which is converted from the imitation shellfish. Due to Chu's economic and cultural than central states, the reason behind, use knife, spinning wheel was also delayed, copper coins have managed imitation shellfish form. The form of ant nose money is oval, protruding on the front, flat on the back, shaped like a shellfish but smaller in volume.

Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the ant nose money has been unearthed in Henan and Jiangsu. Ghost money was found in Hubei, Hunan, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui and other places. In 1963 Hubei Xiaogan wild boar lake once unearthed 5000 faces of money, the face is "Curse", the average weight is about 4.37 grams. Look at the burial and number of the unearthed sites. Zhuhang ants nose money in the Warring States period early (fifth Century BC), in Zezhu grimace money around 4 BC - third Century in the later period of Warring states. Chu's territory was not large at the beginning. After that, the territory expanded gradually, and the circulation range of ant nose money and grimace money also expanded, and gradually formed an independent monetary system in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

このコレクションは山東省斉さんが所有しております。

春秋時代は我が国の歴史の上から奴隷制から封建制の大変革の時期に、商品経済の一層の発展につながる通貨の需要が、金属鋳造技術も日に日に熟して、大量の鋳造金属通貨を提供する必要性と可能性。

この時期の通貨の最大の特徴は貨幣鋳造の種類が多く、幣制混乱。当時週王朝の勢力が薄れる、列国は各自がかってにふるまう、経済も独自の体係を築くため、各国で鋳造通貨、相互の流通を形成し、多幣制と多幣型長期共存し用の特殊局面。

春秋戦国通貨分類

この時期の通貨の形状からと分布に分け布币、刀币、圜金とお金（鬼面蟻鼻金）の4種。

布币

布币は古代中国の通貨のような形で、シャベル、別名シャベル布、春秋戦国末期まで早期が現れ、鋳造ラインを流通のシャベル形通貨。「た」は「は」の同時通訳当て字で、古代では通用する。布币から靑銅農具鎛進化して、主に三晋、2週間地域通行。布币形に分けて、分け空首の布、平曲た両の大きい種類。

最初の布币され、その道具としての模様が殘る装柄のの銎、原始的で重厚なので、首を空にし、次第に減って、薄くなって、小さく、幣身になりきってチップと呼ばれる、平首の布。平首の布の上には通常、地名や紀重の文字が鋳造されている。その後の王莽の新しい朝も曾造布币。

中国東週のものを含んで時期の靑銅シャベル形通貨。春秋時代に出現し、戦国中期以降に広く流通している。主に三晋、2週間地域通行。靑銅農具鎛から進化してないから鎛音と布のような形で、シャベル、別名シャベル布。

最初の布币初の中空を保留している時、ツールとして不安の銎柄と呼ばれる空首の布。後が平首の布、無銎、幣身すっかりフレーク、鋳造と携帯しやすい。平曲た上常铸文字、例えば「安邑」、「ヤン」などの地名、「釿」、「十二朱（バーツ）」などの通貨単位。お金成鎛形をして、この地域は説明この農具交換媒介として。王莽復古後、一度布币作り直さ。

布币は春秋戦国時代の鋳行の空首の布、平首の布などのシャベル状の通貨の総称。その形によって名がつく。

刀币

刀币は商週時期のツール靑銅で削って発展してくるので、刀币の柄の端が環、柄に裂沟、形に針曲刀、尖曲刀、丸い曲刀、アーク背刀など、主に流通東方の斉、燕など、その後また発展趙、中山などの国とブリタニア幣併存。種類が多くて、斉刀、即墨刀、安陽刀、針曲刀、尖曲刀、丸い曲刀と明刀など。上鋳文字、秦の始皇帝は中国統一後、統一幣制、廃貝、刀、布など幣。その後、王莽に鋳造の貨幣に金が間違って刀。

東方の斉と北方の燕が主に使われて刀币。刀币分「燕明刀」と「斉刀化」の二大タイプ。刀币形のように、山を戎北狄などは北方の遊牧民族漁に使う刀のようなツール。斉刀面には「化」の字文があるため「刀化」と呼ばれています。刀品形峰分弧背中、折り背中、直背中、刀の最初の平曲、尖曲分、我が国の早期一種の靑銅のコイン。

圜金

お金も圜圜金、環のお金は、1種の古代中国の銅貨。主に戦国時代の秦国と魏に流通している。丸い性、中央には円孔。钱上铸文字。というと、紡輪が流れてきたり、折角環が変わったりします。方孔金の前身である。

「圜金」は中国の戦国時代の鋳行の類円形铜质通貨、別名「圜化」、略して「環金」は、我が国の戦国時代時期の銅コイン四大システムの一つで、主に秦のコイン形式。お金圜両の大きい種類：1は円形円孔、比較的原始；2は円形方孔（円形円孔は次第に進展変化し）。初期圜金のパンチが狭いからしだいに大きく。圜金銘が正面鋳造、裏面は無文字。

蟻の鼻

蟻鼻のお金は長江と淮河流域楚の流通流域の通貨は、模造貝から転じた。楚のための経済、文化の中原各国より遅れ、は、刀、紡輪の使用にも比較的に遅い、銅コインは模造貝の形態いたしました。蟻の鼻の金があり、楕円形、正面の突起を削り、貝のような形が体積が小さく。

建国以来、蟻の鼻は多く、河南、江蘇に出土した。あかんべえ金は湖北省、湖南省、河南省、江蘇省、安徽省などで発見して、1963年に湖北省孝感イノシシ湖一度出土変顔金5000枚面文を「呪」の字には、平均約4.37グラム重。出土した場所で墓と数量の上で見て。蟻の鼻钱铸行は戦国時代の初期（紀元前ご世紀）、変顔钱则铸行は約紀元前世紀よんしよ—さんの戦国中末期。楚の国の土地が始まった時はあまり大きくはなく、その後の土地は徐々に拡大し、蟻の鼻や顔のお金の流通範囲も拡大し、長江の中流には独立した貨幣体系が形成されてきた。